Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman fasahar sabbin motocin makamashi shine batura masu ƙarfi.Ingancin batura yana ƙayyade farashin motocin lantarki a gefe guda, da kuma yawan tuƙi na motocin lantarki a ɗayan.Mabuɗin mahimmanci don karɓa da karɓa cikin sauri.
Dangane da halaye na amfani, buƙatu da filayen aikace-aikacen batirin wutar lantarki, bincike da haɓaka nau'ikan batura masu ƙarfi a gida da waje kusan: batirin gubar-acid, batir nickel-cadmium, batir hydride nickel-metal, batir lithium-ion, Kwayoyin man fetur, da dai sauransu, daga cikin abin da ci gaban batir lithium-ion ya fi samun kulawa.
Halin samar da zafin baturi mai ƙarfi
Tushen zafi, ƙimar samar da zafi, ƙarfin zafin baturi da sauran sigogi masu alaƙa na ƙirar baturin wutar lantarki suna da alaƙa da yanayin baturin.Zafin da baturi ke fitarwa ya dogara ne akan sinadarai, inji da kuma yanayin lantarki da kuma halayen baturin, musamman yanayin halayen lantarki.Ƙarfin zafin da aka haifar a cikin amsawar baturi za a iya bayyana shi ta hanyar zafin amsawar baturi Qr;Polarization na electrochemical yana haifar da ainihin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baturin ya ɓace daga daidaitattun ƙarfin lantarki, kuma asarar makamashi da ke haifar da polarization baturi yana bayyana ta Qp.Bugu da ƙari ga ƙarfin baturi yana ci gaba bisa ga lissafin amsa, akwai kuma wasu halayen gefe.Halayen gefe na yau da kullun sun haɗa da bazuwar electrolyte da fitar da baturi da kai.Zafin martanin gefen da aka haifar a cikin wannan tsari shine Qs.Bugu da kari, saboda kowane baturi ba makawa zai sami juriya, Joule heat Qj za a samar da shi lokacin da na yanzu ya wuce.Don haka, jimlar zafin baturi shine jimillar zafafan abubuwan da ke biyo baya: Qt=Qr+Qp+Qs+Qj.
Dangane da takamaiman tsarin caji (fitarwa), manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da baturi suma sun bambanta.Misali, lokacin da ake cajin baturi akai-akai, Qr shine babban abu;sannan a mataki na gaba na cajin baturi, saboda rugujewar electrolyte, halayen gefe sun fara faruwa (gefe reaction heat shine Qs), lokacin da baturin ya kusa caja kuma ya cika caji, abin da ya fi faruwa shine bazuwar electrolyte, inda Qs ya mamaye. .Joule zafi Qj ya dogara da halin yanzu da juriya.Hanyar caji da aka saba amfani da ita ana aiwatar da ita a ƙarƙashin halin yanzu, kuma Qj ƙayyadaddun ƙima ne a wannan lokacin.Koyaya, yayin farawa da haɓakawa, halin yanzu yana da inganci.Ga HEV, wannan yayi daidai da na yanzu na dubun-dubatar amperes zuwa ɗaruruwan amperes.A wannan lokacin, zafin Joule Qj yana da girma sosai kuma ya zama babban tushen sakin zafin baturi.
Daga ra'ayi na thermal management controllability, thermal management system(HVH) za a iya raba iri biyu: aiki da m.Daga hangen nesa na matsakaicin matsakaicin zafi, ana iya raba tsarin sarrafa thermal zuwa: sanyaya iska(PTC Air Heater), sanyaya ruwa (PTC Coolant hita), da ma'ajiyar thermal canjin lokaci.
Don canja wurin zafi tare da coolant (PTC Coolant Heater) a matsayin matsakaici, wajibi ne a kafa hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar canja wurin zafi tsakanin module da matsakaicin ruwa, kamar jaket na ruwa, don gudanar da dumama da sanyaya kai tsaye a cikin nau'i na convection da zafi. gudanarwa.Matsakaicin zafi na iya zama ruwa, ethylene glycol ko ma Refrigerant.Hakanan ana samun canjin zafi kai tsaye ta hanyar nutsar da gunkin sandar a cikin ruwan dielectric, amma dole ne a ɗauki matakan kariya don gujewa gajeriyar kewayawa.
Sanyaya sanyi gabaɗaya yana amfani da musayar zafi na ruwa-na yanayi sannan kuma yana gabatar da kwasfa a cikin baturi don musayar zafi na biyu, yayin da sanyaya aiki yana amfani da injin sanyaya-ruwa matsakaicin zafi, ko dumama mai zafi na PTC don cimma sanyaya na farko.Dumama, na farko sanyaya tare da fasinja gidan iska / kwandishan matsakaita-ruwa.
Don tsarin kula da thermal da ke amfani da iska da ruwa a matsayin matsakaici, tsarin yana da girma da yawa kuma yana da rikitarwa saboda buƙatar fanfo, famfo na ruwa, masu musayar zafi, dumama, bututu da sauran kayan haɗi, kuma yana cinye ƙarfin baturi kuma yana rage ƙarfin baturi. .yawa da yawan kuzari.
Tsarin sanyaya baturi mai sanyaya ruwa yana amfani da coolant (50% ruwa / 50% ethylene glycol) don canja wurin zafin baturin zuwa tsarin sanyi mai sanyaya iska ta hanyar sanyaya baturi, sannan zuwa yanayin ta hanyar na'urar.Ana sanyaya zafin ruwan shigar baturi ta baturi Yana da sauƙi don isa ƙananan zafin jiki bayan musayar zafi, kuma ana iya daidaita baturin don aiki a mafi kyawun yanayin zafin aiki;ana nuna ka'idar tsarin a cikin adadi.Babban abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin refrigerant sun hada da: na'ura mai kwakwalwa, injin lantarki, mai kwashewa, bawul na fadadawa tare da bawul na kashewa, mai sanyaya baturi (bawul ɗin faɗaɗa tare da bawul ɗin rufewa) da bututun kwandishan, da sauransu;Da'irar ruwan sanyaya ya haɗa da: famfon ruwa na lantarki, baturi (ciki har da faranti masu sanyaya), na'urorin sanyaya baturi, bututun ruwa, tankunan faɗaɗa da sauran kayan haɗi.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-27-2023
