Sabbin motocin bas masu amfani da makamashi (bas na jama'a, motocin bas na fasinja, motocin bas na yawon bude ido, da sauransu), a matsayin motocin da ake amfani da su a kasuwa, suna da muhimman halaye kamar ƙarfin batir mai girma, tsarin fakitin batir mai rarrabawa, buƙatun caji mai sauri, aiki a waje mai kyau, da kuma ƙarfin fasinja mai yawa.Tsarin Gudanar da Zafin Baturi (BTMS)ba wai kawai "na'urar sarrafa zafin batirin ba ne," amma babban tsarin ne wanda ke tabbatar da amincin aikin bas, tsawon lokacin batirin, ingancin aiki, da kwanciyar hankali a wurin aiki. Hakanan muhimmin sashi ne wanda ke bambanta sarrafa zafi na sabbin motocin bas masu amfani da makamashi daga na motocin fasinja.
Wannan tsarin, wanda aka tsara don halayen aiki na batirin wutar lantarki na bas (galibi lithium iron phosphate, tare da ƙaramin adadin lithium na ternary), yana amfani da ayyuka kamar sarrafa zafin jiki mai aiki, dawo da zafi mai shara, daidaita yanayin zafi iri ɗaya, da kuma sarrafa zafin jiki mai sauri don daidaita zafin fakitin batirin a cikin mafi kyawun kewayon aiki na 25 ~ 35℃. Hakanan ya cika ƙa'idodin aminci na tilas na ƙa'idar ƙasa "Bukatun Tsaro don Batirin Wutar Lantarki ga Motocin Wutar Lantarki" (GB 38031), wanda hakan ya sanya shi muhimmin tsarin don gudanar da sabbin motocin makamashi na kasuwanci.
I. Babban Darajar Aikace-aikacen BTMS don Sabbin Motocin Makamashi
Idan aka kwatanta da motocin fasinja,BTMS don motocin lantarki（bas） motocin bas sun fi mai da hankali kan **"wanda ke mai da hankali kan aiki, tare da muhimman dabi'u da suka mayar da hankali kan rage farashin aiki, inganta ingancin aiki, da tabbatar da amincin aiki, maimakon kawai ƙara nisa. Wannan shine babban bambanci tsakanin sarrafa zafi a cikin motocin bas da motocin fasinja:
1. Hana Gujewar Zafi da kuma Tabbatar da Tsaron Aiki ga Motoci
Sabbin fakitin batirin bas mai amfani da makamashi yawanci suna da ƙarfin 100-300kWh, waɗanda suka ƙunshi dozin na'urorin batir da aka haɗa a jere da layi ɗaya. Fuskantar waje, ɗaukar kaya mai yawa yayin tuƙi a kan tuƙi, da kuma yawan wutar lantarki yayin caji mai sauri na iya haifar da zafi mai yawa a cikin gida cikin sauƙi.tsarin sarrafa zafin batirin, ta hanyar sanyaya jiki mai aiki, sa ido kan yanayin zafi, da kuma gargaɗin guduwar zafi, yana hana kumburin batir, gajerun da'ira, da guduwar zafi, wanda hakan ke rage yawan haɗari a ayyukan bas (buƙatun aminci ga motocin bas/fasinja sun fi na motocin fasinja yawa).
2. Tsawaita Rayuwar Zagayen Baturi da Rage Kuɗin Sauya Aiki
Batirin wutar lantarki shine babban farashin sabbin motocin bas masu amfani da makamashi (wanda ya kai kashi 30%-40%), kuma tsawon rayuwar batirin motar da ke aiki kai tsaye yana ƙayyade jimillar farashin zagayowar rayuwa na mota ɗaya. Ga kowace ƙaruwar zafin jiki na 1°C, tsawon lokacin zagayowar batirin lithium yana raguwa da kusan kashi 2%; caji da fitarwa a ƙananan yanayin zafi na iya haifar da lu'ulu'u na lithium wanda ba za a iya canzawa ba.Gudanar da zafi na abin hawa na lantarki, ta hanyar daidaitaccen tsarin kula da zafin jiki, zai iya tsawaita rayuwar zagayowar batirin bas daga shekaru 3-4 (kimanin zagaye 2000) zuwa shekaru 5-6 (kimanin zagaye 3000), wanda hakan ke rage farashin maye gurbin batir ga masu aiki sosai.
Daidaita yanayin caji mai sauri yana inganta aikin bas. Motocin bas galibi suna amfani da yanayin caji mai sauri na mintuna 3-10 (ƙarfin caji mai sauri zai iya kaiwa 300-500A). Cajin wutar lantarki mai yawa yana haifar da zafi mai yawa da sauri. Idan ba a sanyaya shi cikin lokaci ba, batirin zai haifar da kariyar zafi fiye da kima kuma ya rage ƙarfin caji, wanda ke haifar da tsawon lokacin caji. Aikin sarrafa zafin jiki na BTMS na musamman zai iya sarrafa zafin batirin cikin sauri a cikin mafi kyawun kewayon, yana guje wa lalacewar wutar caji da kuma tabbatar da tsarin aiki na "caji da tafi".
3. Daidaita cajin batir da ingancin caji yana rage lalacewar tashar aiki. Sabbin motocin bas na makamashi suna aiki akan hanyoyi masu tsayayye (bas) ko kuma nisan nesa (jigilar fasinjoji), suna buƙatar kwanciyar hankali mai tsayi. Babban yanayin zafi yana rage ingancin fitar da batir, yayin da ƙarancin yanayin zafi na iya haifar da raguwar ƙarfin aiki daga kashi 30% zuwa 50%. BTMS (Tsarin Gudanar da Zafin Baturi) yana daidaita ingancin cajin batir/fitar da batir sama da kashi 90% ta hanyar sanyaya mai aiki a yanayin zafi mai yawa da kuma dumama mai aiki a ƙananan yanayin zafi, yana hana asarar wutar lantarki da lalacewa saboda matsalolin zafin batir yayin aiki.
Inganta daidaiton zafin fakitin batir yana hana lalacewar na'urori daban-daban da wuri. Fakitin batir a cikin sabbin motocin makamashi galibi ana rarraba su (rufi, gefen chassis, baya). Fakitin batir a wurare daban-daban suna da matuƙar tasiri ta yanayin zafi (misali, na'urorin rufin da aka fallasa ga yanayin zafi mai yawa, na'urorin chassis a ƙananan zafin jiki), cikin sauƙi yana haifar da bambance-bambancen zafin jiki mai yawa (>5℃) tsakanin na'urori, yana haifar da caji fiye da kima, caji fiye da kima, da lalacewar na'urori daban-daban da wuri. BTMS, ta hanyar daidaita daidaiton zafin jiki, yana sarrafa bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin na'urori a cikin fakitin batir zuwa **≤3℃**, yana tabbatar da daidaiton fakitin batir gabaɗaya da hana "na'ura ɗaya ta jawo duk fakitin." 4. Ajiye kuzari da rage amfani da makamashi, rage amfani da wutar lantarki. BTMS mai inganci zai haɗa dawo da zafi na sharar gida na motar bas, tsarin sarrafa lantarki da sanyaya iska don maye gurbin dumama wutar lantarki ta PTC ta gargajiya (yawan amfani da wutar lantarki na iya kaiwa 10 ~ 20kW), rage amfani da makamashi kafin dumama baturi a ƙananan zafin jiki, ƙara yawan aikin bas da 15% ~ 20% a lokacin hunturu, da rage yawan caji da farashin amfani da wutar lantarki.
Lokacin Saƙo: Janairu-26-2026
