Sabbin motocin makamashi motoci ne da ba sa dogara da injin ƙona wutar lantarki na ciki a matsayin babban tushen wutar lantarki, kuma ana siffanta su da amfani da injinan lantarki. Ana iya cajin batirin ta hanyar injin da aka gina a ciki, tashar caji ta waje, makamashin rana, makamashin sinadarai ko ma makamashin hydrogen.
Mataki na 1: Motar lantarki ta farko a duniya ta bayyana a tsakiyar karni na 19, kuma wannan motar lantarki galibi aikin tsararraki biyu ne.
Na farko ita ce na'urar watsa wutar lantarki da injiniyan ƙasar Hungary Aacute nyos Jedlik ya kammala a shekarar 1828 a dakin gwaje-gwajensa. An gyara motar lantarki ta farko ta hannun ɗan ƙasar Amurka Anderson tsakanin 1832 da 1839. Batirin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin wannan motar lantarki yana da sauƙi kuma ba za a iya cika shi ba. A shekarar 1899, an ƙirƙiri motar Porsche ta Jamus don maye gurbin motar sarkar da aka saba amfani da ita a motoci. Bayan haka, an ƙirƙiri motar lantarki ta Lohner-Porsche, wacce ke amfani da batirin lead-acid a matsayin tushen wutar lantarki kuma motar cibiya ce ta ke tuƙa ta kai tsaye a cikin ƙafafun gaba - motar farko da ta ɗauki sunan Porsche.
Mataki na 2: A farkon ƙarni na 20, an sami ci gaban injin ƙonawa na ciki, wanda ya kawar da motar lantarki kawai daga kasuwa.
Tare da haɓaka fasahar injina, ƙirƙirar injin ƙonawa na ciki da kuma inganta dabarun samarwa, motar mai ta sami cikakkiyar fa'ida a wannan matakin. Sabanin rashin jin daɗin caji motocin lantarki, wannan matakin ya ga janye motocin lantarki kawai daga kasuwar motoci.
Mataki na 3: A shekarun 1960, rikicin mai ya sake haifar da wani sabon salo kan motocin lantarki kawai.
A wannan matakin, nahiyar Turai ta riga ta shiga tsakiyar masana'antu, lokacin da ake yawan nuna matsalar man fetur, kuma lokacin da bil'adama suka fara tunani game da karuwar bala'o'in muhalli da za a iya haifarwa. Ƙaramin girman injin lantarki, rashin gurɓataccen iska, rashin hayakin hayaki da ƙarancin hayaniyar da ke haifar da sake sha'awar motocin lantarki kawai. Da jari ya jagorance su, fasahar tuƙi ta motocin lantarki ta bunƙasa sosai a cikin waɗannan shekarun, motocin lantarki masu tsabta sun sami kulawa sosai kuma ƙananan motocin lantarki sun fara mamaye kasuwa ta yau da kullun, kamar motocin motsa jiki na filin golf.
Mataki na 4: Shekarun 1990 sun ga koma-baya a fasahar batir, wanda hakan ya sa masana'antun motocin lantarki suka canza hanya.
Babbar matsalar da ta kawo cikas ga ci gaban motocin lantarki a shekarun 1990 ita ce ci gaban fasahar batir da ya yi jinkiri. Babu wani babban ci gaba a cikin batir da ya haifar da wani ci gaba a cikin akwatin caji, wanda hakan ya sa masana'antun motocin lantarki ke fuskantar manyan ƙalubale. Masana'antun motocin gargajiya, waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin matsin lamba daga kasuwa, sun fara ƙera motocin haɗin gwiwa don shawo kan matsalolin ƙananan batura da ƙarfin aiki. Wannan lokacin ya fi dacewa da PHEV plug-in hybrids da HEV hybrids.
Mataki na 5: A farkon karni na 21, an sami ci gaba a fasahar batir kuma ƙasashe sun fara amfani da motocin lantarki a babban sikelin.
A wannan matakin, yawan batirin ya ƙaru, kuma matakin kewayon motocin lantarki ya ƙaru da sauri na kilomita 50 a kowace shekara, kuma ƙarfin injinan lantarki bai ƙara yin rauni kamar na wasu motocin mai masu ƙarancin fitar da mai ba.
Mataki na 6: Sabbin kamfanonin kera motocin makamashi ne suka samar da ci gaban sabbin motocin makamashi da Tesla ta wakilta.
Kamfanin Tesla, wanda ba shi da ƙwarewa a fannin kera motoci, ya girma daga ƙaramin kamfanin kera motocin lantarki zuwa kamfanin kera motoci na duniya cikin shekaru 15 kacal, yana yin abin da shugaban kamfanin da sauran shugabannin motoci ba za su iya yi ba.
Lokacin Saƙo: Janairu-17-2023
