Nazari Na Tsarin Gudanar da Zafi Na Matsakaicin Canja wurin Batir Mai Wuta

Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman fasahar sabbin motocin makamashi shine batura masu ƙarfi.Ingancin batura yana ƙayyade farashin motocin lantarki a gefe guda, da kuma yawan tuƙi na motocin lantarki a ɗayan.Mabuɗin mahimmanci don karɓa da karɓa cikin sauri.

Dangane da halaye na amfani, buƙatu da filayen aikace-aikacen batirin wutar lantarki, bincike da haɓaka nau'ikan batura masu ƙarfi a gida da waje kusan: batirin gubar-acid, batir nickel-cadmium, batir hydride nickel-metal, batir lithium-ion, Kwayoyin man fetur, da dai sauransu, daga cikin abin da ci gaban batir lithium-ion ya fi samun kulawa.

Halin samar da zafin baturi mai ƙarfi

Tushen zafi, ƙimar samar da zafi, ƙarfin zafin baturi da sauran sigogi masu alaƙa na ƙirar baturin wutar lantarki suna da alaƙa da yanayin baturin.Zafin da baturi ke fitarwa ya dogara ne akan sinadarai, inji da kuma yanayin lantarki da kuma halayen baturin, musamman yanayin halayen lantarki.Ƙarfin zafin da aka haifar a cikin amsawar baturi za a iya bayyana shi ta hanyar zafin amsawar baturi Qr;Polarization na electrochemical yana haifar da ainihin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na baturin ya ɓace daga daidaitattun ƙarfin lantarki, kuma asarar makamashi da ke haifar da polarization baturi yana bayyana ta Qp.Bugu da ƙari ga ƙarfin baturi yana ci gaba bisa ga lissafin amsa, akwai kuma wasu halayen gefe.Halayen gefe na yau da kullun sun haɗa da bazuwar electrolyte da fitar da baturi da kai.Zafin martanin gefen da aka haifar a cikin wannan tsari shine Qs.Bugu da kari, saboda kowane baturi ba makawa zai sami juriya, Joule heat Qj za a samar da shi lokacin da na yanzu ya wuce.Don haka, jimlar zafin baturi shine jimillar zafafan abubuwan da ke biyo baya: Qt=Qr+Qp+Qs+Qj.

Dangane da takamaiman tsarin caji (fitarwa), manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da baturi suma sun bambanta.Misali, lokacin da ake cajin baturi akai-akai, Qr shine babban abu;sannan a mataki na gaba na cajin baturi, saboda rugujewar electrolyte, halayen gefe sun fara faruwa (gefe reaction heat shine Qs), lokacin da baturin ya kusa caja kuma ya cika caji, abin da ya fi faruwa shine bazuwar electrolyte, inda Qs ya mamaye. .Joule zafi Qj ya dogara da halin yanzu da juriya.Hanyar caji da aka saba amfani da ita ana aiwatar da ita a ƙarƙashin halin yanzu, kuma Qj ƙayyadaddun ƙima ne a wannan lokacin.Koyaya, yayin farawa da haɓakawa, halin yanzu yana da inganci.Ga HEV, wannan yayi daidai da na yanzu na dubun-dubatar amperes zuwa ɗaruruwan amperes.A wannan lokacin, zafin Joule Qj yana da girma sosai kuma ya zama babban tushen sakin zafin baturi.

Daga ra'ayi na thermal management controllability, thermal management system za a iya raba biyu iri: aiki da m.Daga ra'ayi na matsakaicin matsakaicin zafi, ana iya raba tsarin kula da thermal zuwa: sanyaya mai sanyaya, sanyaya ruwa, da canjin yanayin yanayin zafi.

Gudanar da thermal tare da iska azaman matsakaicin canja wurin zafi

Matsakaicin canja wurin zafi yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan aiki da farashin tsarin kula da thermal.Yin amfani da iska a matsayin matsakaicin matsakaicin zafi shine gabatar da iska kai tsaye ta yadda zai gudana ta cikin tsarin baturi don cimma manufar zubar da zafi.Gabaɗaya, ana buƙatar magoya baya, mashigai da iska da sauran abubuwan da ake buƙata.
Bisa ga mabambantan hanyoyin shan iska, gabaɗaya akwai nau'o'i masu zuwa:
1 Sanyi mai wucewa tare da samun iska a waje
2. M sanyaya / dumama ga fasinja daki iskar iska
3. Active sanyaya / dumama na waje ko fasinja daki iska
Tsarin tsarin m yana da sauƙin sauƙi kuma yana amfani da yanayin da ake ciki kai tsaye.Misali, idan baturi yana buƙatar zafi a cikin hunturu, ana iya amfani da yanayin zafi a cikin ɗakin fasinja don shakar iska.Idan zafin baturin ya yi yawa yayin tuƙi kuma yanayin sanyaya iska a cikin ɗakin fasinja ba shi da kyau, ana iya shakar iska mai sanyi daga waje don yin sanyi.

Don tsarin aiki, ana buƙatar kafa tsarin daban don samar da ayyukan dumama ko sanyaya kuma a sarrafa shi da kansa gwargwadon matsayin baturi, wanda kuma yana ƙara yawan kuzari da farashin abin hawa.Zaɓin tsarin daban-daban ya dogara musamman akan buƙatun amfani da baturin.

Gudanar da thermal tare da ruwa azaman matsakaicin canja wurin zafi

Don canja wurin zafi tare da ruwa a matsayin matsakaici, wajibi ne don kafa hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar zafi tsakanin module da ruwa mai mahimmanci, kamar jaket na ruwa, don gudanar da dumama da sanyaya kai tsaye a cikin nau'i na convection da zafi.Matsakaicin zafi na iya zama ruwa, ethylene glycol ko ma Refrigerant.Hakanan ana samun canjin zafi kai tsaye ta hanyar nutsar da gunkin sandar a cikin ruwan dielectric, amma dole ne a ɗauki matakan kariya don gujewa gajeriyar kewayawa.

Mai sanyaya ruwa gabaɗaya yana amfani da musayar zafi na ruwa-na yanayi sannan kuma yana gabatar da kwasfa a cikin baturi don musayar zafi na biyu, yayin da sanyaya aiki yana amfani da injin sanyaya-ruwa matsakaicin zafi, ko dumama wutar lantarki / dumama mai mai zafi don cimma sanyi na farko.Dumama, na farko sanyaya tare da fasinja gidan iska / kwandishan matsakaita-ruwa.
Tsarin kula da thermal tare da iska da ruwa kamar yadda matsakaici ke buƙatar magoya baya, famfo na ruwa, masu musayar zafi, masu dumama.PTC hitar iska), bututun da sauran na'urorin haɗi don sanya tsarin ya yi girma da rikitarwa, kuma yana cinye makamashin baturi, tsararru An saukar da ƙarfin ƙarfin da ƙarfin baturi.
(Farashin PTChita) Tsarin sanyaya baturi mai sanyaya ruwa yana amfani da mai sanyaya (50% ruwa / 50% ethylene glycol) don canja wurin zafi daga baturi zuwa tsarin sanyi mai sanyaya iska ta hanyar mai sanyaya baturi, sa'an nan kuma zuwa yanayi ta hanyar na'ura.Ruwan da aka shigo da shi yana da sauƙi don isa ƙananan zafin jiki bayan musayar zafi ta mai sanyaya baturi, kuma ana iya daidaita baturi don aiki a mafi kyawun yanayin zafin aiki;ana nuna ka'idar tsarin a cikin adadi.Babban abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin refrigerant sun haɗa da: na'ura mai kwakwalwa, injin lantarki, evaporator, fadada bawul tare da bawul tasha, mai sanyaya baturi (bawul ɗin faɗaɗa tare da bawul tasha) da bututun kwandishan, da dai sauransu;kewaye ruwan sanyaya ya hada da:famfo ruwa na lantarki, baturi (ciki har da faranti mai sanyaya), masu sanyaya baturi, bututun ruwa, tankunan faɗaɗa da sauran kayan haɗi.